What characterizes a pompadour hairstyle?

The pompadour hairstyle is characterized by its distinctive volume and length, with hair swept back away from the forehead. This style typically features shorter hair on the sides and longer hair on the top, which is styled to create height and a smooth, polished look. The key element that defines a pompadour is the way the top section of hair is styled upwards and backwards, giving it that iconic silhouette.

In contrast, other hairstyles mentioned do not exhibit these specific traits. For example, a short and spiked hairstyle would not have the swept-back volume associated with a pompadour. Similarly, a style with loose hanging hair lacks the structured form and elevation that is central to the pompadour. Lastly, a close-cropped appearance would not allow for the necessary length on top to achieve the visual height required for this classic hairstyle. Thus, the defining characteristics of the pompadour clearly align with option C.